SKU: 22663287598

Hard carbon paper

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Description

Hard carbon paperProduct Name Name: Hard carbon paper Product Overview Hard carbon refers to carbon that is difficult to graphitize, usually obtained by thermal decomposition of cross linked resins with special structures at around 1000 C Common hard carbons include resin carbon, organic polymer pyrolytic carbon, and carbon black. Hard carbon is also a highly regarded negative electrode material in sodium ion batteries. The negative electrode material of sodium ion

Product Name

Name:Hard carbon paper


Product Overview

 

Hard carbon refers to carbon that is difficult to graphitize, usually obtained by thermal decomposition of cross-linked resins with special structures at around 1000 ¡ãC Common hard carbons include resin carbon, organic polymer pyrolytic carbon, and carbon black. Hard carbon is also a highly regarded negative electrode material in sodium ion batteries. The negative electrode material of sodium ion batteries, as the main body of sodium storage in batteries, plays a decisive role in the development of batteries. Compared with other negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries, hard carbon has the characteristics of disordered internal crystal arrangement and large interlayer spacing, which enables the hard carbon negative electrode to store more charges at the same volume, improving the energy density and endurance of sodium ion batteries. Meanwhile, due to the larger pore structure of hard carbon, it can accommodate more sodium ions, resulting in more uniform expansion and contraction of the electrode during discharge, which increases its cycling stability, charge discharge performance, and prolongs the cycling life of sodium ion batteries. At present, sodium ion batteries have become a hot topic in research and industrialization both domestically and internationally. With the deepening of related research and the development of technology, the market size of hard carbon negative electrode materials is expected to continue to grow. However, there is still no unified understanding of the sodium storage mechanism of hard carbon, and further research is needed to reveal its structure-activity relationship with electrochemical reaction mechanisms, as well as to explore the influence of physical parameters of hard carbon materials on electrochemical performance.


Technical Parameter

 

Appearance:Black fibrous

Length:100-200μm(SEM)

Diameter:5-20μm(SEM)


Product Features

 

Difficult to graphitize: Even at high temperatures above 2500 ¡ãC it is difficult to graphitize.

Short range carbon layer stacking and long-range disordered structure: During the pyrolysis process, the carbon layer tends to grow in a planar direction, but the cross-linking structure in macromolecules hinders its planar growth. Therefore, the carbon layer in hard carbon cannot infinitely extend and grow into a graphite like layered structure, and can only exhibit a carbon layer stacking structure in the short range, while it remains disordered in the long range. Its structure is mainly composed of amorphous parts, with some carbon layers randomly stacked, resulting in defects and pores, while the other part of the carbon layer has a graphite microcrystalline structure, which has no orientation and is cross-linked with each other.

Large interlayer spacing and more micropores: Compared to graphite, hard carbon has a larger interlayer spacing and more micropores, which allows ions to be quickly inserted and removed. Correspondingly, there are more lithium storage active sites for ion insertion and removal, resulting in a larger specific capacity.

Excellent rate performance: Theoretically, hard carbon materials have good rate performance and can achieve high rate charging and discharging.

Long cycle life: The hard carbon structure is stable and has a long charge discharge cycle life.


Application Fields

 

New energy vehicles: Although there is still room for improvement in energy density and cycle life of sodium ion batteries, their performance indicators such as low temperature, safety, and fast charging are good, and they can be used in some new energy vehicles that do not require extreme endurance;

Large scale energy storage: With the rapid expansion of renewable energy generation such as solar and wind power, the demand for energy storage is also increasing. Sodium ion batteries have certain application prospects in the field of energy storage, and hard carbon as its negative electrode material can help improve the performance of energy storage batteries;

Consumer electronic devices, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc., can meet the requirements of these devices for fast battery charging, safety, and other aspects;

Smart grid: In the smart grid, sodium ion batteries can be used in energy storage systems to help balance supply and demand, improve the stability and reliability of the grid;

Low speed transportation vehicles, such as electric bicycles, electric tricycles, etc., have relatively low requirements for battery weight and volume. Sodium ion batteries can be applied due to their cost advantage.


Related Information

Please e-mail for the detailed characterization data.

E-mail:[email protected]

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SKU: 22663287598

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Reviewed in the United States on April 4, 2023
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Marie Davis
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 1
Dogs would not even put in their mouth!
Flavor Name: Beef, Size: Large
Toy is rock hard. Have seen toys like that before, but the smell is disgusting. I have 5 dogs, and while this was purchased for one in particular, none of the dogs would chew on it. Only one put it in his mouth, and then immediately spit it out. My dogs are not picky or finicky but none would have anything to do with it. Total waste of money.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 7, 2026
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Klara Gengler
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Last a while. Will be buying more toys soon.
Color: Consuela the Cactus - Large, Size: Large Dog
Best dog toy I have ever bought. I have three dogs, two at the time I bought this toy. It took them over a year to break through the first layer. The flower comes off first so be careful your dog doesn't swallow it. It still has the second layer so it still looks like a cactus. No stuffing to clean up when they tear into it, which makes it far less messy than other toys. One of my dogs is obsessed with fetch so I use it like a ball inside. The oval shape makes it hard to ensure when it bounces that it will bounce straight. It's bounced into walls and other stuff that I wasn't intending it to hit. Not much of a squeak so I can let them play with it for hours and I don't get annoyed with the noise. Great toy that lasts a while.
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Cassie
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★★★★★ 5
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Very cute! Its soft and feels like it is well made. It is a heavier toy and a tougher one. Not a plush toy. I will order again for our older dogs. Nice value for sure!
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Blakely McAllister
West Palm Beach, US
★★★★★ 5
Great toy for our best boys!
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You can never go wrong with BarkBox toys and this was no exception. Our dogs like toys that have squeakers and that they can tear into. This style of toy fits the bill. The design is cute as well. I’ve had this in the house for months and, while it’s definitely seen better days, it’s still intact and they haven’t gotten to the inner layer. (Not for want of trying.) The perfect type of toy for our fur babies.
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